Blockwork forms part of a building’s structure and contributes to its thermal mass. This means it helps the building store, contain and subsequently release heat – an important part of energy efficiency.

Walling and flooring blocks can be made from natural materials like clay and straw, from traditional concrete, or from aerated concrete (aircrete) for lightweight construction.

Different masonry blocks are produced to suit different building methods. Thin joint blockwork is often used in cavity wall construction, whilst traditional breeze blocks can provide higher strength for foundations and retaining walls.

Some blocks are designed for mortarless and interlocking construction, which are faster than conventional methods.

Building blocks can incorporate thermal insulation, which means they function like small-format versions of structurally insulated sandwich panels.

Masonry block walls are often faced in natural or cast building and walling stone to give a traditional appearance.